Jorge Luis Borges went blind in his 50s but continued composing intricate labyrinthine stories entirely in his head

Grigori Perelman

Grigori Perelman solved the Poincaré conjecture

Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus

Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus: 'Whereof one cannot speak, thereof one must be silent.'

The Fibonacci sequence appears in sunflower seed patterns, pinecones, and galaxy spirals

Fibonacci sequence observed in sunflower seed spirals, pinecones, galaxy formations

Archimedes

Ever wondered why some things float while others sink?

Maxwell's equations

Maxwell unified electricity, magnetism, and light into a single theory with four equations

Henrietta Swan Leavitt

Henrietta Leavitt discovered the period-luminosity relation of Cepheid variables